• Advertise
  • Contact Us
  • Daily The Business
  • Privacy Policy
Sunday, May 18, 2025
Daily The Business
  • Login
No Result
View All Result
DTB
No Result
View All Result
DTB

Type 2 diabetes ‘reversed’ by intermittent fasting: First human trial shows

January 24, 2023
in Uncategorized
Share on FacebookShare on TwitterWhatsapp

Intermittent fasting (IF) has become the all rage — done by many to burn fat and stay fit, while others do it to get a clearer mind and detox their bodies. Some of its proud adherents include: Nicole Kidman, Jennifer Aniston, Halle Berry, Scarlett Johansson, Reese Witherspoon, Hugh Jackman, and billionaires like Elon Musk and Jack Dorsey.

Beyond the fad, however, no human trial has looked into the benefits of IF, specifically in helping push diabetes into “remission” (cancellation, reversal).

Until now.

A new randomised, albeit small, trial on IF did just that: it was conducted on 72 Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. The research has kicked up excitement in the medical fraternity, as well as a healthy dose of cynicism.

Why is it significant?

It’s a pioneering clinical trial involving Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) patients who undergo intermittent fasting (IF) as “treatment” (instead of medication) which shows — for the first time — how it eventually leads to weight loss, and “remission” of the disease.

The study, titled “Effect of an Intermittent Calorie-restricted Diet on Type 2 Diabetes Remission: A Randomized Controlled Trial” came out December 14, 2022 in the prestigious Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (JCEM), published by Oxford.

What are the trial results?

In a nutshell, it showed a high percentage of T2D trial patients who experienced remission of the disease, compared to a “control” group. The initial rate of remission was 47 per cent in the treatment group (those who practised IF) and 2.8 per cent in the “control” group (non-IF).

Moreover, the treatment group lost about 9 per cent of their starting body weight; there was no reduction for the “control” side.

CONTROL GROUP VS TREATMENT GROUP

In a scientific investigation, a control group is used to establish causality — by isolating the effect of an independent variable (i.e. effect of intermittent fasting on diabetes remission on the treatment group).

Researchers may change the independent variable in the treatment group and keep it constant in the control group. Then they compare the results between the two groups.

In the scientific community, however, there’s a popular adages that goes: “Correlation does not imply causation,” i.e. the higher number of remission in the treatment group does not mean the IF regimen was the direct cause.

What are key numbers involved in the trial?

The trial on 72 patients — all confirmed T2D patients — was randomised in which there were 36 volunteers assigned to the IF group; the same number was assigned to a control (non-IF) group.

There was a 3-month intervention (when IF was practiced by the treatment group). There was follow-up for three months to assess initial rates of diabetes remission. And, to assess the durability of that remission, a follow-up came at one year (12 months).

The researchers initially screened 246 patients for the trial, and whittled it down to 72 who met their trial criteria.

How was “remission” defined in the trial?

The study defined remission level as: HbA1c (long term blood sugar level) of 6.5 per cent or less — at least three months after discontinuing diabetes medications.

Is this enough to prove IF works to help T2D patients go into remission?

No.

Due to the study’s small size, it does not mean that the 36 people who responded well to IF can be generalised to a much bigger population. And IF may not work for all diabetes patients.

What is the significance of the study?

The study is significant as it’s the first human trial to show an association between IF and T2D remission.

Given the small trial size, however, to conclude that this approach will be broadly effective in the population of people with type 2 diabetes (about 422 million people globally) cannot be made.

Diabetes cases

• 422 million: number of people worldwide who have diabetes — 1 in every 11 of the world’s adult population, as per WHO estimates.

• 46%: percentage of people with diabetes that are undiagnosed.

• 1.5 million: number of deaths are directly attributed to diabetes

• 642 million: Number of people living with diabetes worldwide by 2040 (WHO projections)

• 80%: Percentage of US population that have insulin resistance, a condition that eventually leads to diabetes.

What is intermittent fasting (IF)?

It is a diet regimen that alternates between times of fasting — with no food or severe calorie reduction — and periods of eating. Evidence shows those who observe IF alongside curbing carbohydrate consumption with professional medical supervision get improved health “biomarkers”, such as blood pressure and cholesterol levels and weight loss.

Intermitten fasting
Image Credit: Gulf News

What other studies show the benefits of fasting?

There are at least 40 different scientific investigations on the benefits of IF. In 2018, a team led by Roy Taylor, Ahmad Al-Mrabeh and Sviatlana Zhyzhneuskaya published in Cell Metabolism their research showing how remission in human Type 2 diabetes requires a decrease in liver and pancreas fat content.

intermittent fasting comments

Image Credit:

What was the profile of trial participants?

There were 72 participants — with 36 in each arm (treatment and control), between the ages 38 and 72 years.

The participants had a duration of Type 2 diabetes of 1 to 11 years, a body mass index (BMI) of 19.1 to 30.4 — 66.7% male, and had a history of use of anti-diabetic agent and/or insulin injection.

Insulin resistance

Insulin are the body’s tiny “dump trucks” specifically tasked to carry sugar in the blood into cells.

With constantly high amounts of sugar intake (esp. from carbohydrates), the pancreas needs to pump out more insulin to bring sugar in the blood into cells.

The pancreas keeps making more insulin to try to make cells respond. Eventually, the pancreas can’t keep up, and blood sugar keeps rising.

Who conducted the research?

The team was led by Xiao Yang of the Horticulture College of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China. Other research team members include Huige Shao of the Endocrinology Department, Changsha Central Hospital, in China, and Fangzhou Bian, of the Biological Sciences, University of California Irvine, and Dr Minghai Hu, of the Department of Neurobiology and Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, in Changsha, China.

The researchers randomly allocated the participant at a ratio of 1:1 to the Chinese Medical Nutrition Therapy (CMNT) or control group.

What was the trial outcome?

The primary outcome was diabetes “remission” — defined as a stable glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of less than 48 mmol/mol (

The secondary outcomes included HbA1c level, fasting blood glucose level, blood pressure, weight, quality of life, and medication costs.

On completing the 3-month intervention plus 3-month follow-up, 47.2% (17/36) of participants achieved diabetes remission in the CMNT group, whereas only 2.8% (1/36) of individuals achieved remission in the control group. This is equivalent to an odds ratio of 31.32.

Moreover, the mean body weight of participants in the CMNT group was reduced by 5.93 kg — compared to 0.27 kg in the control group.

After the 12-month follow-up, 44.4% (16/36) of the participants achieved sustained remission, with an HbA1c level of 6.33% (SD 0.87).

The medication costs of the CMNT group were 77.22% lower than those of the control group (60.4/month vs 265.1/month).

What is CMNT>

In general, Chinese medicine recognises that food is medicinal therapy. Chinese Medical Nutritional Therapy (CMNT) uses the principles of Chinese medical theory and modern nutrition.

It evaluates individual foods by the way they affect the body, and believes that food can either support healthy function in the body or add to its dysfunction.

What do other studies show in terms of the benefits of IF?

A Harvard team medical review of 40 studies found that intermittent fasting was effective for weight loss — with a typical loss of 7-11 pounds over 10 weeks.

The review, however, pointed out that those 40 or so studies had so “much variability” — ranging in size from 4 to 334 subjects, and followed from 2 to 104 weeks.

The review, however, outlined several key points on IF:

  • Until the JCEM human trial on IF among diabetics came out, calorie restriction has already shown in animals to increase lifespan and improve tolerance to various metabolic stresses in the body.
  • The evidence for caloric restriction in animal studies is strong, the recent clinical study is less convincing due to the small number of trial participants.
  • Proponents of IF believe the positive stress created of intermittent fasting causes an immune response that repairs cells and produces positive metabolic changes (reduction in triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, blood pressure, weight, fat mass, blood glucose). 

  • Certain persons who eat only one or two meals each day or do not eat for long periods of time may be more compliant with this type of regimen.
  • Persons who eat or snack excessively at night may benefit from a “curfew”.

What are the potential downsides of IF?

  • In general, going into IF is best done under the guidance of a physician (which may entail effort/cost).
  • IF may be difficult for someone who eats every few hours — e.g., snacks between meals.
  • It would also not be appropriate for those with conditions that require food at regular intervals due to metabolic changes caused by their medications.
  • > Prolonged periods of food deprivation or semi-starvation places one at risk of “rebound” — overeating when food is reintroduced — or an increased fixation on food.

Who should abstain from IF?

Individuals with the following conditions should abstain from intermittent fasting:

  • Eating disorders that involve unhealthy self-restriction (anorexia or bulimia nervosa)
  • Use of medications that require food intake
  • Active growth stage, such as in adolescents
  • Pregnancy, breastfeeding

Traditionally, fasting is a universal ritual used for health or spiritual benefit, described in a number of religious texts. In addition, the works by Socrates and Plato also describe some benefits from the practice of fasting.

“Beego”, a traditional Chinese water-only fasting practice initially developed for spiritual purposes, later extended to physical fitness purposes.

What can be done further to prove/disprove study’s findings?

The researchers recommend more high-quality studies involving a higher number of volunteers in randomised controlled trials, including a follow-up spanning more than a year.

How fasting triggers death in old cells in the body

Compared with newer cells, aged cells tend to be packed with toxins. Toxins are a by-product of cell metabolism (chemical changes that take place in a cell).

In general, each cell takes the benefit from the energy supplied — such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a substance found in cells that provides energy for metabolic processes.

Within cells, chemical changes take place. Energy and basic components are provided for essential processes, including the synthesis of new molecules and the breakdown and removal of others.

Just as our body absorbs the nutrients after meals, there will be by-products, which the body must push out through excretion: cell metabolism follows a similar pattern.

The by-product of this metabolic process carry toxins. Over time, a cell will have lots of toxins that need to be expelled. However, the body can’t expel it under normal circumstances.

But fasting helps expel old cells in a process called “apoptosis” (literally “falling off,” as leaves from a tree).

Aged cells, as well as abnormal or bad cells, are very sensitive to a short term of fasting. They just die straight away. They lack the tolerance to resist any lack of energy.

New cells tend to survive longer.

Read More

xosotin chelseathông tin chuyển nhượngcâu lạc bộ bóng đá arsenalbóng đá atalantabundesligacầu thủ haalandUEFAevertonxosofutebol ao vivofutemaxmulticanaisonbethttps://bsport.fithttps://onbet88.ooohttps://i9bet.bizhttps://hi88.ooohttps://okvip.athttps://f8bet.athttps://fb88.cashhttps://vn88.cashhttps://shbet.atbóng đá world cupbóng đá inter milantin juventusbenzemala ligaclb leicester cityMUman citymessi lionelsalahnapolineymarpsgronaldoserie atottenhamvalenciaAS ROMALeverkusenac milanmbappenapolinewcastleaston villaliverpoolfa cupreal madridpremier leagueAjaxbao bong da247EPLbarcelonabournemouthaff cupasean footballbên lề sân cỏbáo bóng đá mớibóng đá cúp thế giớitin bóng đá ViệtUEFAbáo bóng đá việt namHuyền thoại bóng đágiải ngoại hạng anhSeagametap chi bong da the gioitin bong da lutrận đấu hôm nayviệt nam bóng đátin nong bong daBóng đá nữthể thao 7m24h bóng đábóng đá hôm naythe thao ngoai hang anhtin nhanh bóng đáphòng thay đồ bóng đábóng đá phủikèo nhà cái onbetbóng đá lu 2thông tin phòng thay đồthe thao vuaapp đánh lô đềdudoanxosoxổ số giải đặc biệthôm nay xổ sốkèo đẹp hôm nayketquaxosokq xskqxsmnsoi cầu ba miềnsoi cau thong kesxkt hôm naythế giới xổ sốxổ số 24hxo.soxoso3mienxo so ba mienxoso dac bietxosodientoanxổ số dự đoánvé số chiều xổxoso ket quaxosokienthietxoso kq hôm nayxoso ktxổ số megaxổ số mới nhất hôm nayxoso truc tiepxoso ViệtSX3MIENxs dự đoánxs mien bac hom nayxs miên namxsmientrungxsmn thu 7con số may mắn hôm nayKQXS 3 miền Bắc Trung Nam Nhanhdự đoán xổ số 3 miềndò vé sốdu doan xo so hom nayket qua xo xoket qua xo so.vntrúng thưởng xo sokq xoso trực tiếpket qua xskqxs 247số miền nams0x0 mienbacxosobamien hôm naysố đẹp hôm naysố đẹp trực tuyếnnuôi số đẹpxo so hom quaxoso ketquaxstruc tiep hom nayxổ số kiến thiết trực tiếpxổ số kq hôm nayso xo kq trực tuyenkết quả xổ số miền bắc trực tiếpxo so miền namxổ số miền nam trực tiếptrực tiếp xổ số hôm nayket wa xsKQ XOSOxoso onlinexo so truc tiep hom nayxsttso mien bac trong ngàyKQXS3Msố so mien bacdu doan xo so onlinedu doan cau loxổ số kenokqxs vnKQXOSOKQXS hôm naytrực tiếp kết quả xổ số ba miềncap lo dep nhat hom naysoi cầu chuẩn hôm nayso ket qua xo soXem kết quả xổ số nhanh nhấtSX3MIENXSMB chủ nhậtKQXSMNkết quả mở giải trực tuyếnGiờ vàng chốt số OnlineĐánh Đề Con Gìdò số miền namdò vé số hôm nayso mo so debach thủ lô đẹp nhất hôm naycầu đề hôm naykết quả xổ số kiến thiết toàn quốccau dep 88xsmb rong bach kimket qua xs 2023dự đoán xổ số hàng ngàyBạch thủ đề miền BắcSoi Cầu MB thần tàisoi cau vip 247soi cầu tốtsoi cầu miễn phísoi cau mb vipxsmb hom nayxs vietlottxsmn hôm naycầu lô đẹpthống kê lô kép xổ số miền Bắcquay thử xsmnxổ số thần tàiQuay thử XSMTxổ số chiều nayxo so mien nam hom nayweb đánh lô đề trực tuyến uy tínKQXS hôm nayxsmb ngày hôm nayXSMT chủ nhậtxổ số Power 6/55KQXS A trúng roycao thủ chốt sốbảng xổ số đặc biệtsoi cầu 247 vipsoi cầu wap 666Soi cầu miễn phí 888 VIPSoi Cau Chuan MBđộc thủ desố miền bắcthần tài cho sốKết quả xổ số thần tàiXem trực tiếp xổ sốXIN SỐ THẦN TÀI THỔ ĐỊACầu lô số đẹplô đẹp vip 24hsoi cầu miễn phí 888xổ số kiến thiết chiều nayXSMN thứ 7 hàng tuầnKết quả Xổ số Hồ Chí Minhnhà cái xổ số Việt NamXổ Số Đại PhátXổ số mới nhất Hôm Nayso xo mb hom nayxxmb88quay thu mbXo so Minh ChinhXS Minh Ngọc trực tiếp hôm nayXSMN 88XSTDxs than taixổ số UY TIN NHẤTxs vietlott 88SOI CẦU SIÊU CHUẨNSoiCauVietlô đẹp hôm nay vipket qua so xo hom naykqxsmb 30 ngàydự đoán xổ số 3 miềnSoi cầu 3 càng chuẩn xácbạch thủ lônuoi lo chuanbắt lô chuẩn theo ngàykq xo-solô 3 càngnuôi lô đề siêu vipcầu Lô Xiên XSMBđề về bao nhiêuSoi cầu x3xổ số kiến thiết ngày hôm nayquay thử xsmttruc tiep kết quả sxmntrực tiếp miền bắckết quả xổ số chấm vnbảng xs đặc biệt năm 2023soi cau xsmbxổ số hà nội hôm naysxmtxsmt hôm nayxs truc tiep mbketqua xo so onlinekqxs onlinexo số hôm nayXS3MTin xs hôm nayxsmn thu2XSMN hom nayxổ số miền bắc trực tiếp hôm naySO XOxsmbsxmn hôm nay188betlink188 xo sosoi cầu vip 88lô tô việtsoi lô việtXS247xs ba miềnchốt lô đẹp nhất hôm naychốt số xsmbCHƠI LÔ TÔsoi cau mn hom naychốt lô chuẩndu doan sxmtdự đoán xổ số onlinerồng bạch kim chốt 3 càng miễn phí hôm naythống kê lô gan miền bắcdàn đề lôCầu Kèo Đặc Biệtchốt cầu may mắnkết quả xổ số miền bắc hômSoi cầu vàng 777thẻ bài onlinedu doan mn 888soi cầu miền nam vipsoi cầu mt vipdàn de hôm nay7 cao thủ chốt sốsoi cau mien phi 7777 cao thủ chốt số nức tiếng3 càng miền bắcrồng bạch kim 777dàn de bất bạion newsddxsmn188betw88w88789bettf88sin88suvipsunwintf88five8812betsv88vn88Top 10 nhà cái uy tínsky88iwinlucky88nhacaisin88oxbetm88vn88w88789betiwinf8betrio66rio66lucky88oxbetvn88188bet789betMay-88five88one88sin88bk88xbetoxbetMU88188BETSV88RIO66ONBET88188betM88M88SV88Jun-68Jun-88one88iwinv9betw388OXBETw388w388onbetonbetonbetonbet88onbet88onbet88onbet88onbetonbetonbetonbetqh88mu88Nhà cái uy tínpog79vp777vp777vipbetvipbetuk88uk88typhu88typhu88tk88tk88sm66sm66me88me888live8live8livesm66me88win798livesm66me88win79pog79pog79vp777vp777uk88uk88tk88tk88luck8luck8kingbet86kingbet86k188k188hr99hr99123b8xbetvnvipbetsv66zbettaisunwin-vntyphu88vn138vwinvwinvi68ee881xbetrio66zbetvn138i9betvipfi88clubcf68onbet88ee88typhu88onbetonbetkhuyenmai12bet-moblie12betmoblietaimienphi247vi68clupcf68clupvipbeti9betqh88onb123onbefsoi cầunổ hũbắn cáđá gàđá gàgame bàicasinosoi cầuxóc đĩagame bàigiải mã giấc mơbầu cuaslot gamecasinonổ hủdàn đềBắn cácasinodàn đềnổ hũtài xỉuslot gamecasinobắn cáđá gàgame bàithể thaogame bàisoi cầukqsssoi cầucờ tướngbắn cágame bàixóc đĩaAG百家乐AG百家乐AG真人AG真人爱游戏华体会华体会im体育kok体育开云体育开云体育开云体育乐鱼体育乐鱼体育欧宝体育ob体育亚博体育亚博体育亚博体育亚博体育亚博体育亚博体育开云体育开云体育棋牌棋牌沙巴体育买球平台新葡京娱乐开云体育mu88qh88
Share15Tweet10Send
Previous Post

Colombia shifts strategy in drug war away from coca eradication

Next Post

How you can watch the Burj Khalifa, Burj Al Arab and The Palm 2023 NYE fireworks on board the Dubai Abra, Dubai Ferry or Water Taxi

Related Posts

Is Cena's heel run a bust?
Entertainment

Is Cena’s heel run a bust?

May 18, 2025

Your lookahead horoscope: May 18, 2025

May 18, 2025
Mercury reaches 43 degree Celsius in Peshawar
Pakistan

Mercury reaches 43 degree Celsius in Peshawar

May 18, 2025
Israel says it intercepted missile from Yemen
World

Israel says it intercepted missile from Yemen

May 18, 2025
Israel airstrike kills at least 24 in Gaza as mediators host ceasefire talks
World

Israel airstrike kills at least 24 in Gaza as mediators host ceasefire talks

May 18, 2025
Israel airstrike kills at least 24 in Gaza as mediators host ceasefire talks
World

Israel airstrike kills at least 24 in Gaza as mediators host ceasefire talks

May 18, 2025

Popular Post

  • FRSHAR Mail

    FRSHAR Mail set to redefine secure communication, data privacy

    126 shares
    Share 50 Tweet 32
  • How to avoid buyer’s remorse when raising venture capital

    33 shares
    Share 337 Tweet 211
  • Microsoft to pay off cloud industry group to end EU antitrust complaint

    46 shares
    Share 18 Tweet 12
  • Saudi Arabia Launches World’s First Self-Driving Flying Taxi to Transport Hajj Pilgrims

    43 shares
    Share 17 Tweet 11
  • SingTel annual profit more than halves on $2.3bn impairment charge

    43 shares
    Share 17 Tweet 11
American Dollar Exchange Rate
  • Advertise
  • Contact Us
  • Daily The Business
  • Privacy Policy
Write us: info@dailythebusiness.com

© 2021 Daily The Business

Welcome Back!

Login to your account below

Forgotten Password?

Retrieve your password

Please enter your username or email address to reset your password.

Log In

Add New Playlist

No Result
View All Result
  • Advertise
  • Contact Us
  • Daily The Business
  • Privacy Policy

© 2021 Daily The Business

This website uses cookies. By continuing to use this website you are giving consent to cookies being used. Visit our Privacy and Cookie Policy.